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Showing posts with label John Ruskin. Show all posts
Showing posts with label John Ruskin. Show all posts

Naturalists and Drawing

One of the special things about drawing, as a medium, is its versatility. The history of drawing is not limited to fine art, but reaches into architecture, design and science, and more. The Naturalists of the 19th century were simultaneously scientists, explorers, and artists. They relied on drawing to record their findings, and interpret their results. The process of creating these drawings and diagrams often involved close, intimate and durational observation. I often wonder how the process of drawing effected the understanding of the subject matter. Can a special or specific kind of knowledge or understanding be gained by this kind of close observation, in comparison to that gained by indirect observation?

Botanical Illustration by Vishnupersaud from mid 1800's
Indian artist commissioned by British Imperialist explorers and naturalists because of his extraordinary painting technique. 

Franz Andreas Bauer (1758 - 1840)
One of the first botanists to create illustrations with the use of a microscope.
Francis Masson (1741 -1805) 
Masson was the first "plant hunter" for Kew gardens, discover over 1700 new species on his various expeditions.  
William Sykes (1790 -1872)


Alexander von Humboldt, Prussian Naturalist, (1769 –1859)
Alexander von Humboldt, Prussian Naturalist, (1769 –1859)
Alexander von Humboldt, Prussian Naturalist, (1769 –1859)
John Ruskin was an interdisciplinary figure, combining writing, art and architectural criticism, travel writing and philosophy with drawing and watercolor.

John Ruskin, English art critic and thinker (1819-1900)

John Ruskin, English art critic and thinker (1819-1900)


Subtle Tones from John Ruskin to David Musgrave

 I was really struck by the similarity of these two drawings, made by artists from completely different eras. Both show a very nuanced use of tonal gradation to achieve a realistic effect, capturing the delicate texture of a leaf.

John Ruskin (1819-1900) helped to define the Victorian era as a great thinker and artist of the time. He was a Naturalist, artist, writer and social critic.

David Musgrave (b. 1973) is a contemporary conceptual artist working in London. I wonder if he was influenced by Ruskin? Looks like that is highly probable!

More information about both artists:
- Ruskin http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ruskin
- Musgrave (also some great images here!!) http://www.luhringaugustine.com/artists/david-musgrave

Can you guess which drawing is by Ruskin and which by Musgrave? (answer below)
















* top: Ruskin, bottom: Musgrave

Watercolor Artists: approaches


To get some ideas on how to start a watercolor painting, we looked at art history. What strategies have watercolor artists used in the past? 

Some artists started with a drawing, and stuck to this drawing as an outline. Other artists started with color and brushstrokes. 

We broke this down into two main strategies: the drawing approach and the painterly approach.  Look through these images and see if you can identify the approach!


Milton Avery (1885 - 1965)
Milton Avery (1885 - 1965)


Arthur Dove (1880 - 1946) 

Arthur Dove

Charles Burchfield (1893 - 1967)
John Ruskin (1819 - 1900)

John Ruskin (1819 - 1900)
Paul Cezanne (1839 - 1906)

Emil Nolde (1867 - 1956)

Emil Nolde (1867 - 1956)
Maurice Prendergast (1858 - 1924)

Maurice Prendergast (1858 - 1924)

John Singer Sargent (1856 - 1925)

John Singer Sargent (1856 - 1925)

Egon Schiele
Georgia O'Keeffe (1887 -1986)